
(1)沙漠—黄土边界带石峁剖面的地层记录表明最老的古风成砂约形成于50万a前,换言之,毛乌素沙漠至少在50万a前就已经出现。
(2 )历史时期的沙漠化与第四纪地质时期的沙漠变迁是两个不同时间尺度上的问题。第四纪地质时期的沙漠变迁明显受气候振荡控制,毛乌素沙漠在气候的自然调节下,历经“沙漠—非沙漠”的多次演变。在过去的50万a里,有明显记录的沙漠扩大次数至少有13次。
(3)在空间上, 沙漠—黄土边界带的地层可以与黄土高原不同地域的黄土剖面很好对比,在对气候的敏感程度上,却是后者所不能比拟的:冷期沉积中古风成砂层的存在及暖期形成的古土壤中黄土夹层的出现,均说明第四纪地质时期不仅有冰期—间冰期旋回,而且每个冰期或间冰期的气候也是有明显波动的,无论是冰期还是间冰期都夹有次一级的冷暖旋回。*
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ENVIRONMENTAL EVOLUTION OF THE DESERT—LOESS
TRANSITIONAL ZONE OVER THE LAST 0.5Ma
Abstract
Besed of studying the sand—loess—palaeosol series of Shimao profile,which is located in the desert—loess transitional zone of north China, the Mu Us Desert evolution and the climatic flunctuations over the last 0.5Ma have been discussed. Our result indicated that:
1. According to the sedimental records of Shimao profile,the oldest aeolian sand of desert—loess transitional zone formed at 0.5Ma B. P., so this probably means the earliest occuring time of Mu Us desert.
2. The evolution of Mu Us Desert is controlled by the Quaternary climatic oscillation, and underwent changes from desert to non—desert or non—desert to desert. During the past 0.5Ma, at least 13 times of desert extension occurred, which are inferred by the 13 palaeoeolian sand layers of Shimao profile.
3. The stratigraphic sequence of the desert—loess transitional zone can be correlated with that of the Loess Plateau, but shows more sensitive to the past climatic changes: the sand layers sandwiched in glacial loess sediments and the loess or sand layers interbedded in interglacial palaeosols,all suggest that the sedimental successions in the transitional zone have a high resolution potential for recognozing not only the glacial—interglacial stages but also the within—stage climaticfluctuations.
Key words: desert—loess transitional zone; palaeoclimate; environment change
注释:
〔1〕国家自然科学基金资助项目。
〔2〕现在中国科学院广州地球化学研究所从事博士后研究。
〔3〕丁仲礼, 中国黄土土壤地层学与气候地层学研究与划分(中国科学院地质研究所博士学位论文),1988。
